6.C++使用Direct3D9画点线面

[toc]

C++使用Direct3D画点线面

1.点

#include<d3d9.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")

#define WINDOW_CLASS L"UGPDX"
#define WINDOW_NAME  L"Drawing Points"

// Function Prototypes...
BOOL InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd, BOOL fullscreen);
BOOL InitializeObjects();
void RenderScene();
void Shutdown();

// Direct3D object and device.
LPDIRECT3D9 g_D3D = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_D3DDevice = NULL;

// Vertex buffer to hold the geometry.
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_VertexBuffer = NULL;

// A structure for our custom vertex type
typedef struct
{
    float x, y, z, rhw;
    unsigned long color;
} stD3DVertex;

// Our custom FVF, which describes our custom vertex structure.
#define D3DFVF_VERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)

LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp)
{
    switch (msg)
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
        break;
    case WM_PAINT: {
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        // 清除窗口背景
        FillRect(hdc, &ps.rcPaint, (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1));
        // 调用绘制点的函数
        EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
    } break;
    case WM_KEYUP:
        if (wp == VK_ESCAPE) PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;
    }

    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wp, lp);
}

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE prevhInst,
    LPSTR cmdLine, int show)
{
    // Register the window class
    WNDCLASSEXW wc = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEXW), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc,
        0, 0, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW),
        NULL, NULL, WINDOW_CLASS, NULL };
    RegisterClassEx(&wc);

    // Create the application's window
    HWND hWnd = CreateWindowW(WINDOW_CLASS, WINDOW_NAME,
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100,
        640, 480, GetDesktopWindow(), NULL,
        wc.hInstance, NULL);

    // Initialize Direct3D
    if (InitializeD3D(hWnd, FALSE))
    {
        // Show the window
        ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
        UpdateWindow(hWnd);

        // Enter the message loop
        MSG msg;
        ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(msg));

        while (msg.message != WM_QUIT)
        {
            if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE))
            {
                TranslateMessage(&msg);
                DispatchMessage(&msg);
            }
            else
                RenderScene();
        }
    }

    // Release any and all resources.
    Shutdown();

    // Unregister our window.
    UnregisterClass(WINDOW_CLASS, wc.hInstance);
    return 0;
}

BOOL InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd, BOOL fullscreen)
{
    D3DDISPLAYMODE displayMode;

    // Create the D3D object.
    g_D3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
    if (g_D3D == NULL) return FALSE;

    // Get the desktop display mode.
    if (FAILED(IDirect3D9_GetAdapterDisplayMode(g_D3D, D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
        &displayMode))) return FALSE;

    // Set up the structure used to create the D3DDevice
    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));

    if (fullscreen)
    {
        d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE;
        d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = 640;
        d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = 480;
    }
    else
        d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = displayMode.Format;

    // Create the D3DDevice
    if (FAILED(IDirect3D9_CreateDevice(g_D3D, D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
        D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd, D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
        &d3dpp, &g_D3DDevice))) return FALSE;

    // Initialize any objects we will be displaying.
    if (!InitializeObjects()) return FALSE;

    return TRUE;
}

BOOL InitializeObjects()
{
    unsigned long col = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255);

    // Fill in our structure to draw 5 points.
    stD3DVertex objData[] =
    {
        { 100.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
        { 200.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
        { 300.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
        { 400.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
        { 500.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
    };

    // Create the vertex buffer.
    if (FAILED(IDirect3DDevice9_CreateVertexBuffer(g_D3DDevice, sizeof(objData), 0,
        D3DFVF_VERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_VertexBuffer,
        NULL))) return FALSE;

    // Fill the vertex buffer.
    void* ptr;

    if (FAILED(IDirect3DVertexBuffer9_Lock(g_VertexBuffer, 0, sizeof(objData),
        (void**)&ptr, 0))) return FALSE;

    memcpy(ptr, objData, sizeof(objData));

    IDirect3DVertexBuffer9_Unlock(g_VertexBuffer);

    return TRUE;
}

void RenderScene()
{
    // Clear the backbuffer to white.
    IDirect3DDevice9_Clear(g_D3DDevice, 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET,
        D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255), 1.0f, 0); // Change to white

    // Begin the scene. Start rendering.
    IDirect3DDevice9_BeginScene(g_D3DDevice);

    // Render points.
    IDirect3DDevice9_SetStreamSource(g_D3DDevice, 0, g_VertexBuffer, 0,
        sizeof(stD3DVertex));
    IDirect3DDevice9_SetFVF(g_D3DDevice, D3DFVF_VERTEX);
    IDirect3DDevice9_DrawPrimitive(g_D3DDevice, D3DPT_POINTLIST, 0, 5); // Draw 5 points

    // End the scene. Stop rendering.
    IDirect3DDevice9_EndScene(g_D3DDevice);

    // Display the scene.
    IDirect3DDevice9_Present(g_D3DDevice, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}

void Shutdown()
{
    if (g_D3DDevice != NULL) IDirect3DDevice9_Release(g_D3DDevice);
    if (g_D3D != NULL) IDirect3D9_Release(g_D3D);
    if (g_VertexBuffer != NULL) IDirect3DVertexBuffer9_Release(g_VertexBuffer);

    g_D3DDevice = NULL;
    g_D3D = NULL;
    g_VertexBuffer = NULL;
}

2.线

#include<d3d9.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")

#define WINDOW_CLASS L"UGPDX"
#define WINDOW_NAME  L"Drawing Lines"

// Function Prototypes...
BOOL InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd, BOOL fullscreen);
BOOL InitializeObjects();
void RenderScene();
void Shutdown();


// Direct3D object and device.
LPDIRECT3D9 g_D3D = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_D3DDevice = NULL;

// Vertex buffer to hold the geometry.
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_VertexBuffer = NULL;


// A structure for our custom vertex type
typedef struct
{
    float x, y, z, rhw;
    unsigned long color;
}stD3DVertex;

// Our custom FVF, which describes our custom vertex structure.
#define D3DFVF_VERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)


LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp)
{
    switch (msg)
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
        break;
    case WM_PAINT: {
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        // 清除窗口背景
        FillRect(hdc, &ps.rcPaint, (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1));
        // 调用绘制点的函数
        EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
    } break;
    case WM_KEYUP:
        if (wp == VK_ESCAPE) PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;
    }

    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wp, lp);
}


int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE prevhInst,
    LPSTR cmdLine, int show)
{
    // Register the window class
    WNDCLASSEXW wc = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEXW), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc,
        0, 0, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW),
        NULL, NULL, WINDOW_CLASS, NULL };
    RegisterClassEx(&wc);

    // Create the application's window
    HWND hWnd = CreateWindowW(WINDOW_CLASS, WINDOW_NAME,
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100,
        640, 480, GetDesktopWindow(), NULL,
        wc.hInstance, NULL);

    // Initialize Direct3D
    if (InitializeD3D(hWnd, FALSE))
    {
        // Show the window
        ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
        UpdateWindow(hWnd);

        // Enter the message loop
        MSG msg;
        ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(msg));

        while (msg.message != WM_QUIT)
        {
            if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE))
            {
                TranslateMessage(&msg);
                DispatchMessage(&msg);
            }
            else
                RenderScene();
        }
    }

    // Release any and all resources.
    Shutdown();

    // Unregister our window.
    UnregisterClass(WINDOW_CLASS, wc.hInstance);
    return 0;
}


BOOL InitializeD3D(HWND hWnd, BOOL fullscreen)
{
    D3DDISPLAYMODE displayMode;

    // Create the D3D object.
    g_D3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
    if (g_D3D == NULL) return FALSE;


    // Get the desktop display mode.
    if (FAILED(IDirect3D9_GetAdapterDisplayMode(g_D3D, D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
        &displayMode))) return FALSE;


    // Set up the structure used to create the D3DDevice
    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));


    if (fullscreen)
    {
        d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE;
        d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = 640;
        d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = 480;
    }
    else
        d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = displayMode.Format;


    // Create the D3DDevice
    if (FAILED(IDirect3D9_CreateDevice(g_D3D, D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
        D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd, D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
        &d3dpp, &g_D3DDevice))) return FALSE;


    // Initialize any objects we will be displaying.
    if (!InitializeObjects()) return FALSE;

    return TRUE;
}


BOOL InitializeObjects()
{
    unsigned long col = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255);

    // Fill in our structure to draw an object.
    // x, y, z, rhw, color.
    stD3DVertex objData[] =
    {
        { 420.0f, 150.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
        { 420.0f, 350.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
        { 220.0f, 150.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
        { 220.0f, 350.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, col, },
    };

    // Create the vertex buffer.
    if (FAILED(IDirect3DDevice9_CreateVertexBuffer(g_D3DDevice, sizeof(objData), 0,
        D3DFVF_VERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_VertexBuffer,
        NULL))) return FALSE;

    // Fill the vertex buffer.
    void* ptr;

    if (FAILED(IDirect3DVertexBuffer9_Lock(g_VertexBuffer, 0, sizeof(objData),
        (void**)&ptr, 0))) return FALSE;

    memcpy(ptr, objData, sizeof(objData));


    IDirect3DVertexBuffer9_Unlock(g_VertexBuffer);

    return TRUE;
}


void RenderScene()
{
    // Clear the backbuffer to white.
    IDirect3DDevice9_Clear(g_D3DDevice, 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET,
        D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255), 1.0f, 0); // Change to white

    // Begin the scene. Start rendering.
    IDirect3DDevice9_BeginScene(g_D3DDevice);

    // Render object.
    IDirect3DDevice9_SetStreamSource(g_D3DDevice, 0, g_VertexBuffer, 0,
        sizeof(stD3DVertex));
    IDirect3DDevice9_SetFVF(g_D3DDevice, D3DFVF_VERTEX);
    IDirect3DDevice9_DrawPrimitive(g_D3DDevice, D3DPT_LINELIST, 0, 2);

    // End the scene. Stop rendering.
    IDirect3DDevice9_EndScene(g_D3DDevice);

    // Display the scene.
    IDirect3DDevice9_Present(g_D3DDevice, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}

void Shutdown()
{
    if (g_D3DDevice != NULL) IDirect3DDevice9_Release(g_D3DDevice);
    if (g_D3D != NULL) IDirect3D9_Release(g_D3D);
    if (g_VertexBuffer != NULL) IDirect3DVertexBuffer9_Release(g_VertexBuffer);

    g_D3DDevice = NULL;
    g_D3D = NULL;
    g_VertexBuffer = NULL;
}

3.矩形

#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d9.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")

// 全局变量
IDirect3D9* pD3D = NULL;
IDirect3DDevice9* pDevice = NULL;

// 函数声明
void InitD3D(HWND hwnd);
void Render();
void CleanD3D();
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);

// 创建窗口类
void CreateWindowClass(HINSTANCE hInstance, const WCHAR* className) {
    WNDCLASSW wc = { 0 };
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;
    wc.lpszClassName = className;

    RegisterClass(&wc);
}

// 创建窗口
HWND CreateAppWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, const WCHAR* className, const WCHAR* windowTitle) {
    HWND hwnd = CreateWindowExW(
        0, className, windowTitle,
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 800, 600,
        NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL
    );

    ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW);
    return hwnd;
}

// 初始化Direct3D
void InitD3D(HWND hwnd) {
    pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
    if (!pD3D) {
        MessageBox(NULL, L"Failed to create Direct3D object", L"Error", MB_OK);
        exit(-1);
    }

    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp = {};
    d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
    d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = 800;
    d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = 600;

    if (FAILED(pD3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hwnd,
        D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &pDevice))) {
        MessageBox(NULL, L"Failed to create Direct3D device", L"Error", MB_OK);
        exit(-1);
    }
}

// 绘制矩形
void Render() {
    pDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255), 1.0f, 0);

    if (SUCCEEDED(pDevice->BeginScene())) {
        D3DRECT rect = { 100, 100, 300, 300 };
        pDevice->Clear(1, &rect, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
        pDevice->EndScene();
    }

    pDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}

// 清理Direct3D
void CleanD3D() {
    if (pDevice) {
        pDevice->Release();
        pDevice = NULL;
    }
    if (pD3D) {
        pD3D->Release();
        pD3D = NULL;
    }
}


// 窗口过程函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
    switch (uMsg) {
    case WM_CREATE:
        InitD3D(hwnd);// 创建图形
        break;

    case WM_PAINT: {
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
        // 清除窗口背景
        FillRect(hdc, &ps.rcPaint, (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1));
        Render();
        // 调用绘制点的函数
        EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
    } break;

    case WM_SIZE:
        if (pDevice && wParam != SIZE_MINIMIZED) {
            D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp = {};
            d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
            d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
            d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
            d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = LOWORD(lParam);
            d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = HIWORD(lParam);

            pDevice->Reset(&d3dpp);
        }
        break;

    case WM_DESTROY:
        CleanD3D();
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;

    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
    }
    return 0;
}

// WinMain 函数
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
    const WCHAR CLASS_NAME[] = L"RectangleWindowClass";
    const WCHAR WINDOW_TITLE[] = L"Draw Rectangle";

    CreateWindowClass(hInstance, CLASS_NAME);
    HWND hwnd = CreateAppWindow(hInstance, CLASS_NAME, WINDOW_TITLE);

    MSG msg;
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);

    }

    return 0;
}