爬虫17.C语言下载单个抖音视频

C语言下载抖音单个视频

1. C语言下载抖音中允许下载的视频

1. 抓包链接与referer

   链接

   https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/1e38c9dd42162f7782ea9d854d4097b3/67c5c8fb/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15c001-alinc2/owgBYhVVyA92HmxCAzBYEdIjfQbIDENeiA84bF/?a=6383&ch=11&cr=3&dr=0&lr=all&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=1137&bt=1137&cs=0&ds=6&ft=khyHAB1UiiuGK.rjCdOC~49Zyo3nOz7_SX-CpMyDRAGuYIQ2B226zG8NTJia_Xd.o~&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=NzplaWg8NWVoaWdlZjdkOkBpajlvaTU6ZnJkbjMzNGkzM0BeYTQxNTE2NTIxNV9jMjBhYSMvZS9wcjRnb2FgLS1kLTBzcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00008000&cquery=100x_100z_100o_101n_100B&dy_q=1741004477&feature_id=f0150a16a324336cda5d6dd0b69ed299&l=20250303202117F6DA984968B4A215E039&testst=1741004492544

   referer

   https://www.douyin.com/

   抓包到的链接在浏览器中可以直接播放，但是在html中的video标签不能播放，与B站刚好相反。

   代码中对B站与抖音发送http/https请求都需要构造请求头User-Agent与referer才允许访问。

2. 编写代码

   访问抓包到的链接，下载视频后打印状态码。

   #include <stdio.h>
   #include <curl/curl.h>
   
   // 回调函数，用于写入接收到的数据到文件
   size_t write_data(void* ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE* stream) {
       size_t written = fwrite(ptr, size, nmemb, stream);
       return written;
   }
   
   int main(void) {
       CURL* curl;
       CURLcode res;
       long response_code = 0;
       struct curl_slist* headers = NULL;
       FILE* fp;
   
       // 初始化libcurl
       curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT);
       curl = curl_easy_init();
       if (curl) {
           // 打开文件用于写入
           fp = fopen("video.mp4", "wb");
           if (!fp) {
               fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file for writing\n");
               return 1;
           }
   
           // 设置要访问的网址
           curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/1e38c9dd42162f7782ea9d854d4097b3/67c5c8fb/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15c001-alinc2/owgBYhVVyA92HmxCAzBYEdIjfQbIDENeiA84bF/?a=6383&ch=11&cr=3&dr=0&lr=all&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=1137&bt=1137&cs=0&ds=6&ft=khyHAB1UiiuGK.rjCdOC~49Zyo3nOz7_SX-CpMyDRAGuYIQ2B226zG8NTJia_Xd.o~&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=NzplaWg8NWVoaWdlZjdkOkBpajlvaTU6ZnJkbjMzNGkzM0BeYTQxNTE2NTIxNV9jMjBhYSMvZS9wcjRnb2FgLS1kLTBzcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00008000&cquery=100x_100z_100o_101n_100B&dy_q=1741004477&feature_id=f0150a16a324336cda5d6dd0b69ed299&l=20250303202117F6DA984968B4A215E039&testst=1741004492544");
   
           // 添加请求头
           headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/133.0.0.0 Safari/537.36");
           headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Accept: */*");
           headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "referer: https://www.douyin.com/");
           curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
   
           // 设置回调函数，用于写入数据到文件
           curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_data);
           curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, fp);
   
           // 执行请求
           res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
   
           // 检查请求是否成功
           if (res != CURLE_OK) {
               fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_perform() failed: %s\n", curl_easy_strerror(res));
           }
           else {
               // 获取HTTP响应状态码
               curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &response_code);
               printf("HTTP Response Status Code: %ld\n", response_code);
           }
   
           // 清理
           curl_slist_free_all(headers);
           curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
           fclose(fp);
       }
   
       curl_global_cleanup();
       return 0;
   }

   2. 编译后运行

      下载成功。

2. 下载抖音中禁止下载的视频

1. 抓包链接

   https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/bc03c7ce33b306a7f233e44fef7cd7bd/67c6efb9/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15/oY5DArfDCR6C9gnAZfm8FpotSBnAmEMAFAAtAg/media-video-hvc1/?a=6383&ch=0&cr=8&dr=0&er=1&lr=default&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=309&bt=309&cs=4&ds=4&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=OjY5O2c7NTRmOTs7NTpnaUBpM25xO3c5cmVneDMzNGkzM0A0Xi1jLWIzNmMxLWJgYjIxYSNjLWIzMmRjM2dgLS1kLS9zcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00030000&cquery=101r_100o&dy_q=1741003896&l=202503032011365D82A279F6D8D313A7F3

2. 替换之前代码中的https链接编译运行

   下载成功

3.下载视频与音频并合并到同一个文件中

1. 抓包链接

   视频链接

   https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/bc03c7ce33b306a7f233e44fef7cd7bd/67c6efb9/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15/oY5DArfDCR6C9gnAZfm8FpotSBnAmEMAFAAtAg/media-video-hvc1/?a=6383&ch=0&cr=8&dr=0&er=1&lr=default&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=309&bt=309&cs=4&ds=4&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=OjY5O2c7NTRmOTs7NTpnaUBpM25xO3c5cmVneDMzNGkzM0A0Xi1jLWIzNmMxLWJgYjIxYSNjLWIzMmRjM2dgLS1kLS9zcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00030000&cquery=101r_100o&dy_q=1741003896&l=202503032011365D82A279F6D8D313A7F3

   音频链接

   https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/1e990e593bec7852a67ffc2181320208/67c6efb9/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15/oY5DArfDCR6C9gnAZfm8FpotSBnAmEMAFAAtAg/media-audio-und-mp4a/?a=6383&ch=0&cr=8&dr=0&er=1&lr=default&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=189&bt=189&cs=4&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=aTlmaDg5NmQzOTc5aDpmaEBpM25xO3c5cmVneDMzNGkzM0A0LS5iNGNhLzY1YC4uNC5jYSNjLWIzMmRjM2dgLS1kLS9zcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00030000&cquery=101r_100o&dy_q=1741003896&l=202503032011365D82A279F6D8D313A7F3

2. 编写代码,使用FFMPEG合并视频

   #include <stdio.h>
   #include <curl/curl.h>
   #include <stdlib.h>
   #include <string.h>
   
   // 回调函数，用于写入接收到的数据到文件
   size_t write_data(void* ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE* stream) {
       size_t written = fwrite(ptr, size, nmemb, stream);
       return written;
   }
   
   // 下载函数
   int download_file(const char* url, const char* filename) {
       CURL* curl;
       CURLcode res;
       long response_code = 0;
       struct curl_slist* headers = NULL;
       FILE* fp;
   
       fp = fopen(filename, "wb");
       if (!fp) {
           fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file %s for writing\n", filename);
           return 1;
       }
   
       curl = curl_easy_init();
       if (!curl) {
           fclose(fp);
           return 1;
       }
   
       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
   
       // 添加请求头
       headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/133.0.0.0 Safari/537.36");
       headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Accept: */*");
       headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "referer: https://www.douyin.com/");
       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
   
       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_data);
       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, fp);
   
       res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
   
       if (res != CURLE_OK) {
           fprintf(stderr, "Download failed for %s: %s\n", filename, curl_easy_strerror(res));
           curl_slist_free_all(headers);
           curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
           fclose(fp);
           return 1;
       }
   
       curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &response_code);
       printf("HTTP Response Status Code for %s: %ld\n", filename, response_code);
   
       curl_slist_free_all(headers);
       curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
       fclose(fp);
       return 0;
   }
   
   // 合并视频和音频文件
   int merge_files() {
       char command[512];
       snprintf(command, sizeof(command),
           "ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i audio.mp3 -c:v copy -c:a aac -strict experimental output.mp4");
   
       int result = system(command);
       if (result != 0) {
           fprintf(stderr, "Error merging files\n");
           return 1;
       }
       return 0;
   }
   
   int main(void) {
       // 初始化libcurl
       curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT);
   
       // 视频URL和音频URL（需要替换为实际的URL）
       const char* video_url = "https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/bc03c7ce33b306a7f233e44fef7cd7bd/67c6efb9/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15/oY5DArfDCR6C9gnAZfm8FpotSBnAmEMAFAAtAg/media-video-hvc1/?a=6383&ch=0&cr=8&dr=0&er=1&lr=default&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=309&bt=309&cs=4&ds=4&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=OjY5O2c7NTRmOTs7NTpnaUBpM25xO3c5cmVneDMzNGkzM0A0Xi1jLWIzNmMxLWJgYjIxYSNjLWIzMmRjM2dgLS1kLS9zcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00030000&cquery=101r_100o&dy_q=1741003896&l=202503032011365D82A279F6D8D313A7F3";
       const char* audio_url = "https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/1e990e593bec7852a67ffc2181320208/67c6efb9/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15/oY5DArfDCR6C9gnAZfm8FpotSBnAmEMAFAAtAg/media-audio-und-mp4a/?a=6383&ch=0&cr=8&dr=0&er=1&lr=default&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=189&bt=189&cs=4&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=aTlmaDg5NmQzOTc5aDpmaEBpM25xO3c5cmVneDMzNGkzM0A0LS5iNGNhLzY1YC4uNC5jYSNjLWIzMmRjM2dgLS1kLS9zcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00030000&cquery=101r_100o&dy_q=1741003896&l=202503032011365D82A279F6D8D313A7F3";
   
       // 下载视频文件
       if (download_file(video_url, "video.mp4") != 0) {
           curl_global_cleanup();
           return 1;
       }
   
       // 下载音频文件
       if (download_file(audio_url, "audio.mp3") != 0) {
           curl_global_cleanup();
           return 1;
       }
   
       // 合并文件
       if (merge_files() != 0) {
           curl_global_cleanup();
           return 1;
       }
   
       curl_global_cleanup();
       printf("Download and merge completed successfully!\n");
       return 0;
   }

4. 编写代码,使用FFMPEG库 合并视频

#include <stdio.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavutil/opt.h>

// 回调函数，用于写入接收到的数据到文件
size_t write_data(void* ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE* stream) {
    size_t written = fwrite(ptr, size, nmemb, stream);
    return written;
}

// 下载函数
int download_file(const char* url, const char* filename) {
    CURL* curl;
    CURLcode res;
    long response_code = 0;
    struct curl_slist* headers = NULL;
    FILE* fp;

    fp = fopen(filename, "wb");
    if (!fp) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open file %s for writing\n", filename);
        return 1;
    }

    curl = curl_easy_init();
    if (!curl) {
        fclose(fp);
        return 1;
    }

    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);

    // 添加请求头
    headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/133.0.0.0 Safari/537.36");
    headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Accept: */*");
    headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "referer: https://www.douyin.com/");
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);

    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_data);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, fp);

    res = curl_easy_perform(curl);

    if (res != CURLE_OK) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Download failed for %s: %s\n", filename, curl_easy_strerror(res));
        curl_slist_free_all(headers);
        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
        fclose(fp);
        return 1;
    }

    curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &response_code);
    printf("HTTP Response Status Code for %s: %ld\n", filename, response_code);

    curl_slist_free_all(headers);
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}

// 使用 FFmpeg 库合并视频和音频文件
// 使用 FFmpeg 库合并视频和音频文件
int merge_files(const char* video_file, const char* audio_file, const char* output_file) {
    AVFormatContext* video_ctx = NULL, * audio_ctx = NULL, * output_ctx = NULL;
    int ret;
    int64_t video_next_pts = 0;
    int64_t audio_next_pts = 0;

    // 打开视频文件
    ret = avformat_open_input(&video_ctx, video_file, NULL, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open video file\n");
        return 1;
    }

    // 获取视频流信息
    ret = avformat_find_stream_info(video_ctx, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not find video stream info\n");
        avformat_close_input(&video_ctx);
        return 1;
    }

    // 打开音频文件
    ret = avformat_open_input(&audio_ctx, audio_file, NULL, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open audio file\n");
        avformat_close_input(&video_ctx);
        return 1;
    }

    // 获取音频流信息
    ret = avformat_find_stream_info(audio_ctx, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not find audio stream info\n");
        avformat_close_input(&video_ctx);
        avformat_close_input(&audio_ctx);
        return 1;
    }

    // 创建输出上下文
    ret = avformat_alloc_output_context2(&output_ctx, NULL, NULL, output_file);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not create output context\n");
        goto cleanup;
    }

    // 查找并复制视频流
    AVStream* in_video_stream = NULL;
    AVStream* out_video_stream = NULL;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < video_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (video_ctx->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            in_video_stream = video_ctx->streams[i];
            out_video_stream = avformat_new_stream(output_ctx, NULL);
            if (!out_video_stream) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate output video stream\n");
                goto cleanup;
            }
            ret = avcodec_parameters_copy(out_video_stream->codecpar, in_video_stream->codecpar);
            if (ret < 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to copy video codec parameters\n");
                goto cleanup;
            }
            out_video_stream->time_base = in_video_stream->time_base;
            break;
        }
    }

    // 查找并复制音频流
    AVStream* in_audio_stream = NULL;
    AVStream* out_audio_stream = NULL;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < audio_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (audio_ctx->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
            in_audio_stream = audio_ctx->streams[i];
            out_audio_stream = avformat_new_stream(output_ctx, NULL);
            if (!out_audio_stream) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate output audio stream\n");
                goto cleanup;
            }
            ret = avcodec_parameters_copy(out_audio_stream->codecpar, in_audio_stream->codecpar);
            if (ret < 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to copy audio codec parameters\n");
                goto cleanup;
            }
            out_audio_stream->time_base = in_audio_stream->time_base;
            break;
        }
    }

    if (!in_video_stream || !in_audio_stream) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not find video or audio stream\n");
        goto cleanup;
    }

    // 打开输出文件
    ret = avio_open(&output_ctx->pb, output_file, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open output file\n");
        goto cleanup;
    }

    // 写入文件头
    ret = avformat_write_header(output_ctx, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error writing header\n");
        goto cleanup;
    }

    // 复制视频包并修正时间戳
    AVPacket packet;
    av_init_packet(&packet);

    // 处理视频流
    while (av_read_frame(video_ctx, &packet) >= 0) {
        if (packet.stream_index == in_video_stream->index) {
            // 转换时间基并保持正确的时间戳
            packet.stream_index = out_video_stream->index;

            // 确保 PTS 和 DTS 是有效的
            if (packet.pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                packet.pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(packet.pts,
                    in_video_stream->time_base,
                    out_video_stream->time_base,
                    AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX);
            }

            if (packet.dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                packet.dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(packet.dts,
                    in_video_stream->time_base,
                    out_video_stream->time_base,
                    AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX);
            }

            // 保持正确的持续时间
            packet.duration = av_rescale_q(packet.duration,
                in_video_stream->time_base,
                out_video_stream->time_base);

            ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(output_ctx, &packet);
            if (ret < 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Error writing video frame\n");
                goto cleanup;
            }
        }
        av_packet_unref(&packet);
    }

    // 重置文件位置
    av_seek_frame(video_ctx, -1, 0, AVSEEK_FLAG_BACKWARD);

    // 处理音频流
    while (av_read_frame(audio_ctx, &packet) >= 0) {
        if (packet.stream_index == in_audio_stream->index) {
            packet.stream_index = out_audio_stream->index;

            if (packet.pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                packet.pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(packet.pts,
                    in_audio_stream->time_base,
                    out_audio_stream->time_base,
                    AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX);
            }

            if (packet.dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                packet.dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(packet.dts,
                    in_audio_stream->time_base,
                    out_audio_stream->time_base,
                    AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX);
            }

            packet.duration = av_rescale_q(packet.duration,
                in_audio_stream->time_base,
                out_audio_stream->time_base);

            ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(output_ctx, &packet);
            if (ret < 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Error writing audio frame\n");
                goto cleanup;
            }
        }
        av_packet_unref(&packet);
    }

    // 写入文件尾
    av_write_trailer(output_ctx);

cleanup:
    if (video_ctx) avformat_close_input(&video_ctx);
    if (audio_ctx) avformat_close_input(&audio_ctx);
    if (output_ctx) {
        if (output_ctx->pb) avio_closep(&output_ctx->pb);
        avformat_free_context(output_ctx);
    }

    return ret < 0 ? 1 : 0;
}

int main(void) {
    // 初始化libcurl
    curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT);

    // 视频URL和音频URL（需要替换为实际的URL）
    const char* video_url = "https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/bc03c7ce33b306a7f233e44fef7cd7bd/67c6efb9/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15/oY5DArfDCR6C9gnAZfm8FpotSBnAmEMAFAAtAg/media-video-hvc1/?a=6383&ch=0&cr=8&dr=0&er=1&lr=default&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=309&bt=309&cs=4&ds=4&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=OjY5O2c7NTRmOTs7NTpnaUBpM25xO3c5cmVneDMzNGkzM0A0Xi1jLWIzNmMxLWJgYjIxYSNjLWIzMmRjM2dgLS1kLS9zcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00030000&cquery=101r_100o&dy_q=1741003896&l=202503032011365D82A279F6D8D313A7F3";
    const char* audio_url = "https://v3-web.douyinvod.com/1e990e593bec7852a67ffc2181320208/67c6efb9/video/tos/cn/tos-cn-ve-15/oY5DArfDCR6C9gnAZfm8FpotSBnAmEMAFAAtAg/media-audio-und-mp4a/?a=6383&ch=0&cr=8&dr=0&er=1&lr=default&cd=0%7C0%7C0%7C3&cv=1&br=189&bt=189&cs=4&mime_type=video_mp4&qs=0&rc=aTlmaDg5NmQzOTc5aDpmaEBpM25xO3c5cmVneDMzNGkzM0A0LS5iNGNhLzY1YC4uNC5jYSNjLWIzMmRjM2dgLS1kLS9zcw%3D%3D&btag=c0000e00030000&cquery=101r_100o&dy_q=1741003896&l=202503032011365D82A279F6D8D313A7F3";

    // 下载视频文件
    if (download_file(video_url, "video.mp4") != 0) {
        curl_global_cleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 下载音频文件
    if (download_file(audio_url, "audio.mp3") != 0) {
        curl_global_cleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 合并文件
    if (merge_files("video.mp4", "audio.mp3", "output.mp4") != 0) {
        curl_global_cleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    curl_global_cleanup();
    printf("Download and merge completed successfully!\n");
    return 0;
}